Gaug is G, B and D# — with the fifth raised a semitone.
It sounds stretched, and suspended between keys. Its commonest job is passing between a major triad and its sixth or seventh, with the raised fifth as a single voice walking up.
Passing chord — it belongs to no key in particular.
Also written G+, G(#5) or G augmented.
Gaug is most often a dominant with its fifth raised. That note becomes a second leading tone, a half step below the third of C. It needs a major tonic: a minor third is a whole step away, and the pull is gone.
Listen for: The raised fifth rises a half step to the third of the I. Without it, the same voice has a whole step to climb.
Heard in“School Days” (opening chord)“Oh! Darling”“From Me to You” (end of the bridge)
Over a held G, the fifth can climb by half steps: Gaug, G6, G7, and on to C. Gaug is just the first step of the line.
Listen for: The fifth climbs a half step at a time, to the sixth and the flat seventh, then settles a half step down onto the third of the IV.
Heard in“Kind of a Drag”“Laughing”“It’s My Party”
Every note of Gaug is in G whole tone, G lydian augmented and G altered.
Each of those is a page: the scale across the neck, and the chords it harmonises into — which is where Gaug sits in it. Every scale.
Change one note of Gaug and you have (the sharp fifth becomes the fifth), (add the major seventh), (add the flat seventh), (the sharp fifth becomes the fifth) or (the sharp fifth becomes the fifth).
Gaug is a augmented chord — root, major third, sharp fifth. Augmented chords on every root.
The common shapes and the derived voicings come from different places, and both are explained in how this site is built.
Shows each chord the way this style would voice it, and marks which of its alternatives belong to the idiom.